![]() Radiation images, filters and intensifying screens 49Ħ.1 Radiation images 496.2 Radiation filters 516.3 Intensifying screens 51 The BètatronThe linear accelerator (linac)ĥ.4 Radioactive sources 43Average energy level (nominal value)ĥ.5 Source holders (capsules) 445.6 Transport- and exposure containers 445.7 Checking for container leakage 47Ħ. RadioactivityIonisation dose rateIonisation doseAbsorbed energy doseEquivalent dose (man dose)Ĭooling the anodeThe focal spotEffective focal spot sizeĤ.3 Tube voltage and tube current 334.4 Radioactive sources (isotopes) 34Ĭontents Natural radioactive sourcesArtificial radioactive sourcesĤ.5 Advantages and disadvantages of artificial radioactive sources 344.6 Properties of radioactive sources 35Īctivity (source strength)Specific activity Specific gamma-ray emission (k-factor)Half-life of a radioactive sourceĥ.1 X-ray equipment 37Types of X-ray tubesBipolar X-ray tubesUnipolar X-ray tubesSpecial types of X-ray tubesĥ.2 High voltage generators 395.3 Megavolt equipment 40 Photoelectric effectCompton effectPair productionTotal absorption/attenuationĢ.7 Penetrating power 232.8 Filtering (hardening) 242.9 Half-value thickness 24 Basic properties of ionising radiation 17Ģ.1 Wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation 172.2 X-rays 182.3 Gamma-rays (γ-rays) 192.4 Main properties of X-rays and γ-rays 202.5 Radiation energy-hardness 202.6 Absorption and scattering 21 Introduction to industrial radiography 13Ģ. ![]() Introduction to the overview of “Industrial Radiography”Image forming techniquesPreface 11ġ. Introduction to the overview of“Industrial Radiography” We trust that this revised edition of “Industrial Radiography” will once again fulfill a need. Moreover the separate small booklet entitled ”Radiographer’s Weld InterpretationReference”, with a number of radiographs and their interpretation, now also has been inserted as an additional chapter in this new issue. Kuiper, an experienced specialist and tutor on industrial radiography, assisted him.Both were involved in NDT during the many decades they were employed by RTD bv (Non-Destructive Testing) with its headquarters in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.Īpart from the developments in conventional radiography with X-ray films, this overviewalso describes the now mature methods of digital radiography using radiation sensitiveplate- and panel detectors including digitization of traditional film. de Raad, NDT-expert and consultant, who has aconsiderable number of publications on the subject of non-destructive testing to his name.Mr. Since then, a few improved editions were released,each one with the latest image forming radiographic techniques added. The first overview “ Industrial Radiography” was published by Agfa in the sixties for educational and promotional purposes.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |